Milestones for the Typical Developing Child
~ Fine Motor Milestones for the Typical Developing Child
~ Language Milestones for the Typical Developing Child
Milestones: Developmental Language Guidelines for Your Child
~ Talking and Communicating
~ Hearing and Understanding
Charts Retieved from Educational Resources http://www.abaresources.com/free4.htm |
Gross Motor Milestones for the Typical Developing Child |
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1-2 Years |
2-3 Years |
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Standing / Walking |
- Walks alone
- Stands on tipoe |
-Takes steps backwards |
- Walks in a straight line
- Walks on tiptoes if shown how
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-Stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longer |
Stair Climbing |
- Walks up and down stairs holding on to support |
- Walks up steps with help |
- Walks up and down stairs, alternating feet |
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Hopping / Jumping |
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- Jumps with both feet |
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- Hops two or more times on each foot |
Carrying |
- Carries large toy or several toys while walking |
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Throwing / Catching |
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- Tosses or rolls a large ball |
- Throws a ball overhead
- Tries to catch a large ball |
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Kicking |
- Kicks a ball |
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- Kicks a ball forwards |
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Running / Skipping |
- Begins to run stiffly, with eyes on the ground |
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- Skips |
Bending |
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- Bends over to pick up a toy and not fall |
- Bends over easily without falling |
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Pushing / Pulling |
- Pulls toys behind while walking |
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- Open doors |
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Climbing |
- Climbs onto and down from furniture unassisted |
- Climbs |
- Climbs well |
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Riding |
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- Rides a toy |
- Pedals tricycle |
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Other |
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- Swings
- Performs somersaults |
Fine Motor Milestones for the Typical Developing Child |
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1-2 Years |
2-3 Years |
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Drawing |
- Scribbles with crayons |
- Scribbles spontaneously |
-Holds a crayon well
- Makes vertical, horizontal and circular strokes with pencil or crayon |
- Draws circles and squares
- Copies square shapes
- Draws a person with two to four body parts |
- Copies triangle and other geometric patterns
- Draws person with body |
Writing |
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- Holds a pencil in writting position |
- Begins to copy some capital letters |
- Prints som letters |
Cutting |
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- Uses scissors |
- Cuts on a line |
Books |
- Turns pages in a book |
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- Turns book pages one at a time |
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Toys |
- Likes to pull, push, and dump things |
- Turns over container to pour out contents
- Operates a mechanical toy |
- Turns rotating handles
- Screws and unscrews jar lids, nuts and bolts |
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Dressing |
- Pulls off hat, socks, and mittens |
- Puts arms in sleevs with help |
- Dresses self with help
- Puts on shoes (but not tie laces) |
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- Dresses and undresses without assistance
- May be able to tie shoelaces |
Building |
- Stacks 2 blocks |
- Builds tower of three/four blocks or more |
- Builds a tower of more than six blocks |
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Feeding |
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- Drinks from a straw
- Feeds self with a spoon |
- Holds a glass in one hand
- Feeds self (with some spilling) |
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- Uses fork, spoon and (sometimes) a table knife |
Washing Hands |
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- Helps in washing hands |
- Washes and dries hand by self |
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Toiletting |
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- Uses the toilet with help |
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- Usually cares for own toilet needs |
Other |
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- Opens cabinets, drawers, boxes
- Might use one hand more than the other |
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Language Milestones for the Typical Developing Child |
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Domain |
18-23 Months |
2-3 Years |
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Books / Rhymes / Songs |
- Enjoys being read rhymes, songs |
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- Enjoys poems and recognizes language absurdities such as, "Is that an elephant on your head?" |
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Name |
- Recognizes name |
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- Can hear their name when called from another room |
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Words |
- Understands 'no' |
- Knows about 50 words at 24 months |
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- Understands more than 2,000 words |
Verbs |
- Understands simple verbs |
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Colors |
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- Identifies colors |
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Commands |
- Follows simple commands (no gestures) ex. 'touch the bunny' |
- Follows two step commands ex. 'Get the toy and put it in the basket' |
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- Carries out a series of three directions |
Questions |
- Points to simple body parts |
- Points to 5-6 parts of a doll when asked |
- Understands simple who, what, where questions |
- Understands complex questions |
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Descripive Words |
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- Knows descriptive words such as 'big', 'happy' |
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- Understands spatial concepts such as 'behind,' 'next to' |
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Domain |
18-23 Months |
2-3 Years |
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Sounds |
- Pronounces most vowels and n, m, o, h
- Makes animal sounds
- Beginning to use other speech sounds |
- m, p, w, t |
- b, d, y, h, k, g, f
- Uses most speech sounds but may distort some of the more difficult sounds such as l, r, s, sh, ch, y, v, z, th (these sounds may not be fully mastered until age 7 or 8) |
- s, sh, j, ch, z, v, l |
- r
- Difficulty with 'r', 'v' and 'th' sounds |
Words |
- Imitates familiar words
- Says 8-10 words |
- Says 40 words at 24 months
- Uses word 'more' |
- Uses consonants in the beginning, middle, and ends of words
- Some of the more difficult consonants may be distorted, but attempts to say them |
- Say 200-300 different words
- Defines words |
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Nouns |
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- Use of plurals |
- Uses some plurals (cars, dogs, cats) |
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Verbs |
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- Uses past tense verbs |
- Uses verbs that end in 'ing', such as 'walking', 'talking' |
- Uses some irregular past tense verbs such as 'ran,' 'fell' |
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Pronouns |
- Beginning to use pronouns such as mine |
- Use of more pronouns such as 'I' and 'You' |
- Uses pronouns (I, you, me, we, they) |
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Sentences |
- Combines two words ex. 'bus push', 'daddy bye-bye' |
- Speaks two or three word phrases |
- Repeats sentences
- Uses three word sentences
- Can combine 4 or more words
- Can tell a story |
- Describes how to do things such as painting a picture |
- Sentences can be 8 or more words in length
- Uses compound and complex sentences ex. "We went to the store and then had to go home because it was raining'
- Describes objects |
Question |
- Asks for common foods by names |
- Ask "What's that?" and "Where's my...?:
- Answers 'where' questions
- Answers simple question |
- Answers simple questions such as "What do you do when you are hungry?" |
- Answers 'why' questions |
- Can answer questions about a story that is read to them |
Prosody |
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- Uses inflection to ask for something |
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Singing |
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- Hums or tries to sing |
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Other |
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- Recognizes sounds like the telephone, doorbell ringing etc. |
- Strangers are able to understand much of what is said
- Has fun with language
- Expresses ideas and feelings rather than just talking about the world around him or her. |
- Speech is understandable but makes mistakes pronouncing long, difficlut, or complex words such as 'hippopotamus' |
- Engages in converstation |
Milestones: Developmental Language Guidelines for Your Child |
Talking and Communicating
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Birth - 3 Months |
Makes pleasure sounds (cooing, gooing) |
Cries differently for different needs |
Smiles when sees you |
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4-6 Months |
Babbling sounds more speech-like with many different sounds including: p, b, and m |
Vocalizes excitement and displeasure |
Makes gurgling sounds when left alone and when playing with you |
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7-12 Months |
Babbling has both long and short groups of sounds such as 'tata, upup, bibibi' |
Uses speech or non-crying sounds to get and keep attention |
Imitates different speech sounds |
Has 1 or 2 words (bye-bye, dada, mama) although they may not be clear |
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1-2 Years |
Says more words every month |
Uses some 1-2 word questions (Where Kitty?, Go Bye-Bye?, What's That?) |
Puts 2 words together (more cookie, no juice, mommy book) |
Uses many different consonant sounds at the begining of words |
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2-3 Years |
Has a word for almost everything |
Uses 2-3 word sentences to talk about and ask for things |
Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time |
Often asks for or directs attention to objects by naming them |
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3-4 Years |
Uses sentences with 4 or more words |
Talks about activities at school or at a friends house |
People outside of family usually understand childs speech |
Usually talks easily without repeating syllables or words |
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Hearing and Understanding
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Birth - 3 Months |
Startles to lound sounds |
Quiets or smiles when spoken to |
Seems to recognize your voice and queits if crying |
Increases or decreases sucking behavior in response to sound |
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4-6 Months |
Moves eyes in the direction of sounds |
Responds to changes in tone of voices |
Notices toys that make sounds |
Pays attention to music |
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7-12 Months |
Enjoys games like peek-o-boo and pat-a-cake |
Turns and looks in the direction of sounds |
Recognizes words for common items like 'cup, juice, shoe' |
Begins to respond to requests: 'come here, want more?' |
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1-2 Years |
Points to a few body parts when asked |
Follows simple commands and understands simple questions (roll the ball, where's your shoe?) |
Listens to simple stories, songs, and rhymes |
Points to pictures in a book when named |
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2-3 Years |
Understands differences in meaning (go-stop, in-on, big-little, up-down) |
Follows two requests (Get the book and put it on the table) |
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3-4 Years |
Hears you when you call from another room |
Hears TV or radio at the same loudness level as other family memebers |
Understands simple 'who, what, when, where, why' questions |
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